This paper replicates and investigates recent findings of order effects in social network data collection, where later names on a roster receive fewer nominations. We model order effects as biases in nomination choices and demonstrate observational and experimental methods for assessing these biases and illuminating their mechanisms.
Liu, Shuyin, Nolin, David, and James A. Kitts. “Name Order Effects in Measuring Adolescent Social Networks Using Rosters” Social Networks. 76: 68-78, 2024.
This study investigates the meaning of friendship for eight diverse cohorts of sixth graders, challenging ubiquitous assumptions that friendships represent liking and social interaction, friendships are directed, and friendships are equivalent to one another. Adolescents primarily construe friendship as relational norms, expectations for mutual behavior, along with mutual liking and interaction. Boys and girls weight these dimensions differently in defining friendship.
Kitts, James A. and Diego F. Leal. “What Is(n’t) a Friend? Dimensions of the Friendship Concept Among Adolescents.” Social Networks. 66: 161-170, 2021.
This paper uses newly developed statistical methods to examine the generative processes that give rise to wide-spread patterns in friendship networks. We apply exponential family random graph models to the adolescent friendship networks in fifty-nine US schools from the National Longitudinal Survey of Adolescent Health (Add Health). We model friendship formation as a selection process constrained by individuals’ sociality (propensity to make friends), selective mixing in dyads (friendships within race, grade, or sex categories are more likely), and closure in triads (a friend’s friends are more likely to become friends), given local population composition.
Goodreau, Steven, Kitts, James A., and Martina Morris. “Birds of a Feather or Friend of a Friend? Using Exponential Random Graph Models to Investigate Adolescent Friendship Networks.” Demography, 46(1): 103-126, March 2009.